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Comprehensive explanation of css properties 'padding' and 'margin'

Mnzr chauhanMnzr chauhan March 03, 2023

Description:

The CSS properties 'padding' and 'margin' are used to control the spacing between HTML elements. 'Padding' sets the space between the element's content and its border, while 'margin' sets the space between the element's border and neighboring elements. Both properties can take values in pixels, percentages, or other units, and can be set individually for each side of the element (top, right, bottom, left) using shorthand notation. Understanding these properties is important for creating visually appealing and properly spaced web designs.

The Table of content is given below
  1.  Introduction 
  2.  Explain in Details 
  3.  Final Lines 

Headlines.

"Learn the Ins and Outs of CSS Padding and Margin Properties: A Comprehensive Guide"
This article provides an in-depth explanation of the CSS padding and margin properties, including their syntax, values, and practical uses. Readers will gain a thorough understanding of how to use padding and margin to adjust spacing and layout on their website or application.

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Explain in Details.

Two important CSS properties that are frequently used to control the spacing and positioning of HTML elements are "padding" and "margin".
Padding: The "padding" property is used to add space between the content of an element and its border.
 Padding is defined using the "padding" property and can be specified in a number of ways, such as with pixel values, percentages, or em units. 
The syntax for defining padding is as follows:
padding: top right bottom left;
The values of the padding property can be specified in any order, and if a value is omitted, it is assumed to be zero. For example, if you wanted to set a padding of 10 pixels on all sides of an element, you could use the following CSS:
padding: 12px;
If you wanted to specify different values for each side of the element, you could use the following syntax:
padding: 10px 20px 30px 40px;
This would set a padding of 10 pixels on the top of the element, 20 pixels on the right, 30 pixels on the bottom, and 40 pixels on the left.
The syntax of Using of margin property's values is same as using of padding property's values like when ever you want to use individual values or when ever conjugated values. But their visual behaviour is totally differ as I've already explained mean the main differ of both properties (margin & padding) above.
It is important to note that the padding and margin properties can affect the positioning of elements on a web page. If an element has a margin or padding that is set to a large value, it may cause other elements to be pushed out of position. Careful use of these properties is important in order to ensure that web pages are properly displayed on different devices and in different browsers.

Using of Padding Property:

Look at following code:

<style>
    .padding_test_div1 {
        background-color: black;
    }
    .padding_test_div1>.content {
        background-color: red;
        color: white;
    }
</style>
<div class="padding_test_div1">
    <div class="content">This is Example Content Div</div>
</div>

This is Example Content Div
In the above example, "padding_test_div1" is set with a black background but it is not showing in the preview.
This is because the "content" div filled the available space (the default behavior of the "div" element). Now if we want the "content div" to appear slightly inside padding_test_div1 i.e. slightly inside its border, we need to use padding. 

<style>
    .padding_test_div2 {
        background-color: black;
        padding: 5px;
    }
    .padding_test_div2>.content {
        background-color: red;
        color: white;
    }
</style>
<div class="padding_test_div2">
    <div class="content">This is Example Content Div</div>
</div>

This is Example Content Div
There is a clear difference in the above example from the previous example. If you want to give padding to content div then the text of content div also displayed more away from its border like following: 

<style>
    .padding_test_div3 {
        background-color: black;
        padding: 5px;
    }
    .padding_test_div3>.content {
        background-color: red;
        color: white;
        padding: 5px;
    }
</style>
<div class="padding_test_div2">
    <div class="content">This is Example Content Div</div>
</div>

This is Example Content Div
Individually:

<style>
    .padding_test_div4 {
        background-color: black;
        padding: 5px 10px 15px 0px;
    }
    .padding_test_div4>.content {
        background-color: red;
        color: white;
    }
</style>
<div class="padding_test_div4">
    <div class="content">This is Example Content Div</div>
</div>

This is Example Content Div

Using of Margin Property:

Look at following code:

<style>
    .margin_test_div1 {
        text-align: center;
    }
    .margin_test_div1>span {
        background-color: red;
        color: white;
        border: 1px solid black;
    }
</style>
<div class="margin_test_div1">
    <span id="s1">1 Span Ele</span>
    <br>
    <span id="s2">2 Span Ele</span><span id="s3">3 Span Ele</span><span id="s4">4 Span Ele</span>
    <br>
    <span id="s5">5 Span Ele</span>
</div>

1 Span Ele
2 Span Ele3 Span Ele4 Span Ele
5 Span Ele
In above example we add 5 span elements inside a div "margin_test_div1" element and give them CSS text-align: center; to centered them and they are very close to each other.
We give border css to span elements to clearly identify them in preview. Now if we want to add spaces between these span elements we need to use margin property. Here I'm going to apply margin on third span element as it centered horizontally and vertically in other span elements therefore margin will effects clearly. 

<style>
    .margin_test_div2 {
        text-align: center;
    }
    .margin_test_div2>span {
        background-color: red;
        color: white;
        border: 1px solid black;
    }
    .margin_test_div2>#s3 {
        margin: 10px;
    }
</style>
<div class="margin_test_div2">
    <span id="s1">1 Span Ele</span>
    <br>
    <span id="s2">2 Span Ele</span><span id="s3">3 Span Ele</span><span id="s4">4 Span Ele</span>
    <br>
    <span id="s5">5 Span Ele</span>
</div>

1 Span Ele
2 Span Ele3 Span Ele4 Span Ele
5 Span Ele
In the example above, margin: 10px adds 10px of space around the id="s3" element. You can also use individual values like we used in padding above.

valuable example of padding and margin:

Look at below example...

<style>
    .marg_pad_1 {
        background-color: black;
        color: white;
    }
    .marg_pad_2 {
        background-color: black;
        color: white;
    }
</style>
<div class="marg_pad_1">This is example box 1</div>
<div class="marg_pad_2">This is example box 2</div>

This is example box 1
This is example box 2
In the above example you can see that both boxes appear to be linked as a single box. Second the content of the boxes is also very close to the boundaries of the boxes which doesn't look very good. Now we will use a bottom margin for the first box so that the second box is further away from the first box so that the two boxes are clearly separated. We will also use padding for both boxes so that the content of boxes also should appear away from boundaries which will looks awesome. 

<style>
    .marg_pad_3 {
        background-color: black;
        color: white;
        margin-bottom: 5px; /* same as margin: 0px 0px 5px 0px; */
    }
    .marg_pad_4 {
        background-color: black;
        color: white;
    }
    .marg_pad_3, .marg_pad_4{
        padding: 5px;
    }
</style>
<div class="marg_pad_3">This is example box 3</div>
<div class="marg_pad_4">This is example box 4</div>

This is example box 3
This is example box 4
In above example you can see a valuable difference from previous one example. Its is because of padding and margin.
Note that we have already learned to use individual values of padding and margin with shorthand properties such as padding: top right bottom left;. Shorthand properties contain multi-values however you can use these values (top right bottom left) separately by prefixing them with "-position" such as padding-top: value_for_top;
In CSS, there are shorthand properties that allow you to specify multiple values at once for properties such as padding and margin. For example, you can use padding: 10px 20px 30px 40px; to set different padding values for the top, right, bottom, and left sides respectively. However, if you want to specify a value for a specific side individually, you can use the longhand properties by adding a position prefix such as padding-top, padding-right, padding-bottom, and padding-left. . For example, padding-top: 10px; Sets a specific value for top padding only.
It's worth noting that you can use the shorthand and longhand properties together, and the longhand properties will override any value specified by the shorthand property for that particular side.

Final Lines.

In conclusion, the CSS properties 'padding' and 'margin' play a crucial role in the layout and spacing of web content. The 'padding' property defines the space between the content and the element's border, while the 'margin' property defines the space between the element's border and adjacent elements.
Understanding the differences between the various values of these properties, such as their units and how they affect the element's layout, is essential for creating visually appealing and functional web pages. Additionally, it's worth noting that excessive padding and margin can lead to a cluttered and unprofessional appearance, so it's important to use these properties judiciously.
Overall, with a solid understanding of 'padding' and 'margin' properties, web designers and developers can create engaging and visually pleasing websites that effectively communicate their intended message.
Posted by Mnzr chauhan
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Mnzr chauhan

Posted by Mnzr chauhan

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